ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION
Erectile dysfunction is a condition that can affect a man's sexual and emotional life. Our network of expert urological surgeons details the symptoms, causes, physical and psychological consequences, as well as the different treatment options for erectile dysfunction.
What are the symptoms of erectile dysfunction?
The symptoms of erectile dysfunction are mainly manifested by the inability to obtain or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfying sexual intercourse. It is important to note that occasional difficulties are not necessarily a cause for concern, but when this becomes a persistent problem, it may indicate erectile dysfunction.
What causes erectile dysfunction?
The causes of erectile dysfunction can be varied and may include physical, psychological or lifestyle factors. Some common causes include:
Physical or organic causes
1. Vascular problems
Cardiovascular disease, hypertension, atherosclerosis (narrowing of the arteries), and other disorders that affect blood flow to the penis.
2. Diabetes
Can cause nerve damage (neuropathy) and vascular damage that affects the ability to achieve an erection.
3. Neurological disorders
Diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease or damage to the spinal cord can disrupt the nerve signals needed for an erection.
4. Hormonal problems
Hormonal imbalances, particularly low levels of testosterone, can affect erectile function.
5. Treatments for Prostate Cancer
Surgery (prostatectomy) and radiotherapy to treat prostate cancer can damage the nerves and tissues around the prostate, affecting erectile function.
6. Medicines
Certain medications, including antidepressants, antihypertensives, and prostate medications, can have side effects that include erectile dysfunction.
7. Injuries
Injuries that damage the nerves or arteries that control erections can cause erectile dysfunction.
8. Urological Conditions and Pelvic Surgery
Urological conditions and certain pelvic surgeries can lead to erectile dysfunction.
Psychological causes
1. Stress and Anxiety
Daily stress and general anxiety, including performance anxiety, can have a negative impact on erections.
2. Depression
Depression can affect both sexual desire and erectile function.
3. Relationship problems
Marital conflict, poor communication and other relationship problems can contribute to erectile dysfunction.
Lifestyle factors
1. Smoking
Smoking can damage blood vessels and restrict blood flow to the penis.
2. Alcohol and Substances
Alcohol abuse and the use of certain substances can affect erectile function.
3. Obesity
Obesity increases the risk of vascular disease and diabetes, two major risk factors for erectyle dysfunction.
4. Lack of Physical Activity
- A sedentary lifestyle can contribute to many health problems that affect the erection.
What are physical and psychological consequences of erectile dysfunction?
Erectile dysfunction (ED) impacts far beyond sexual health, affecting self-esteem, relationships and general wellbeing.
Psychologically, it can trigger stress, anxiety and even depression, underlining its role in mental health. In terms of relationships, erectile dysfunction can create tension, reducing intimacy and communication within the couple. Physically, it leads to sexual dissatisfaction and may signal underlying health problems such as cardiovascular disease or diabetes.
Overall, erectile dysfunction reduces quality of life, requiring holistic management that integrates physical, emotional and relationship aspects.
For men facing erectile dysfunction , it is crucial to understand that Erectile dysfunction is a common and treatable medical condition. Men suffering from erectile dysfunction should consult a healthcare professional to discuss treatment options, which may include medication, therapy, lifestyle changes and medical devices. Treatment can often improve erectile function and help alleviate the physical and psychological consequences of erectile dysfunction.
Open communication with the partner and emotional support can also be important in managing erectile dysfunction.
How to treat erectile dysfunction?
Fortunately, there are several effective treatment options for erectile dysfunction. Treatment choices depend on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. Here are some of the treatment options available:
- Lifestyle changes: Improving diet and increasing physical activity can help reduce ED symptoms. Also, stopping smoking and reducing alcohol consumption can improve erectile function.
- Medication: Medications such as Viagra, Cialis and Levitra are commonly used to improve blood flow to the penis and promote erection.
- Sex therapy: Therapy with a sex therapist can help resolve the underlying psychological issues that contribute to erectile dysfunction.
- Intra-cavernous injections: Injections of drugs such as alprostadil can be injected directly into the penis to induce an erection.
- Vacuum pump: A plastic tube is placed over the penis, and a pump is used to create a vacuum that draws blood into the penis.
- Medical devices: Implant surgically placed in the penis, usually used when other treatments have not been effective.
It is essential to discuss the best treatment option with a healthcare professional, as some treatments may not be appropriate depending on existing medical conditions and current medications. Accurate diagnosis of the underlying cause is crucial for effective treatment of erectile dysfunction.
About penile implants surgery
Penile implants are a long-lasting surgical solution for erectile dysfunction, particularly when other treatments have not been effective. The procedure involves the insertion of a prosthetic device into the penis, allowing controllable erections and significantly improving sexual function.
What is the process for having an penile prosthesis implantation?
Penile prosthesis surgery is a medical procedure involving several key stages, from preparation to recovery. Here iss a general overview of the process:
- Pre-operative consultation: medical assessment and discussion of the type of prosthesis (inflatable or semi-rigid) best suited to the patient.
- Preparation for surgery: medical tests to assess general health and specific instructions on preparation for surgery, including fasting and medication.
- Anaesthesia: Penile implant surgery is usually performed under general anaesthetic.
- Implantation of the penile prosthesis: During surgery, the surgeon insertes the prosthesis into the corpora cavernosa of the penis. In the case of an inflatable implant, a pump and reservoir are also inserted.
- Follow-up and rehabilitation: Follow-up appointments to check healing and implant function, and advice on adapting to the prosthesis.
- How the penile implant works? With the malleable penile implant, the man can manually position his penis while erect or at rest. The rods keep the penis rigid enough for penetration while allowing it to be positioned discreetly when not in use. For the inflatable penile implant, the man press the pump in the scrotum, which transfers fluid from the reservoir to the cylinders in the penis, causing an erection. To deflate the implant, he uses a release mechanism on the pump, which allows the fluid to return to the reservoir.
- Sexual activity: It is advisable to wait a few weeks before resuming sexual activity to allow for complete healing.
What are the benefits of penile implants surgery for men?
- Restoration of sexual function: This surgery enables men to regain the ability to have erections, thus improving their sex life.
- Reliable and controllable erections: Penile prostheses offer erections on demand, providing a more predictable and controllable solution than medication or other treatments.
- Drug independence: After implanting a prosthesis, it is no longer necessary to depend on medication to achieve an erection, which is particularly beneficial for those who cannot take or do not respond to medication.
- High satisfaction: Satisfaction rates among men who have undergone penile prosthesis surgery are generally high, both for themselves and for their partners.
- Natural Appearance: Modern penile prostheses are designed to look and feel as natural as possible, which can help maintain a positive body image and boost self-confidence. The prostheses are not visible. They cannot be detected by airport scanners.
What are the differences and advantages of the two types of penile prosthesis?
- Malleable penile implant: These implants consist of two flexible but firm rods that are inserted into the corpora cavernosa of the penis. They are easy to use and can be a good choice for men with limited dexterity.
- Inflatable penile implant: These implants consist of two inflatable cylinders inserted into the corpora cavernosa, a pump placed in the scrotum and a reservoir of salt water placed in the pelvis area. The inflatable implants offer a more natural appearance and feel than malleable models and give greater control over the duration and firmness of the erection.
In both cases, the penile implant is fully contained within the body, and the sexual act can proceed naturally once the man has achieved an erection. Penile implants do not affect penile sensation, orgasm or ejaculation.
What are the risks and considerations after penile implants implantation?
- Operative risks: Risks during the operation are generally low, but there may be a risk of haematoma of the bursa and penis after the operation.
- Infection: As with any surgical procedure, there is a risk of infection.
- Rejection: Rejection of the prosthesis or the need for a subsequent surgical revision.
